Hey guys! 我是英文庫的 Cecilia，在學習文法一段時間後，一定會碰到 not only but also 這個小魔王，它不僅作為「關聯連接詞」，如同一位媒人，把兩個相關聯的東西送作堆，還時常以「倒裝」的形式出現，讓很多人都為了它感到頭痛不已！
不要驚慌，今天就透過幾個簡單的例子學習如何正確使用它吧！ 😛
not only but also 的意思
not only A but also B 是指「不只 … 還 …」，針對句中 A 和 B 的重要性來說，相對更強調後者，先透過以下例句簡單了解怎麼使用。
Joseph likes not only ice cream but also pizza.
喬瑟夫不只喜歡冰淇淋，也喜歡披薩。（名詞）
not only but also 的用法與重點
(1) not only A but also B 前後結構需對等
not only A but also B 是對等連接詞，可用來連接對等的單詞、片語或子句，句中前後 A 和 B 兩者的詞性和時態必須是互相呼應的。舉例：如果 A 是名詞，B 也一定要是名詞，如果 A 是片語， B 也必須為片語，簡而言之，就把它們想像成異卵雙胞胎就對啦！
Selena felt not only upset but also heart-broken.
賽琳娜不只感到難過，也感到心碎。（形容詞）He found out not only where the painting was hidden but also who hid it there.
他不只找到這幅畫被藏在哪裡，也發現是誰將它藏在那裡。（名詞子句）
當它連接二個動作時，別忘了前後時態也必須是一致的喔！
Columbus not only plays hard but also works hard.
哥倫布不只認真玩，也很認真工作。（現在式）She has not only finished her studies but has also graduated from college.
她不只已經完成學業，也從大學畢業。（現在完成式）
若兩者詞性和結構沒有一致，會變成什麼樣子呢？以下示範錯誤例子。
He is not only humorous but also likes to tell jokes. (✘)
他不只幽默，也很喜歡說笑話。（前面是形容詞，後面是動詞，兩者不對等）
(2) not only A but also B 動詞需與第二個名詞一致
當它用於連接二個主詞時，其動詞要和 but also 後的主詞 B 一致。
Not only you but also your mother is going to a concert.
不只是你，連你的媽媽也要去演唱會。（動詞與第二個主詞 your mother 一致）
(3) not only 放在句首時，需使用倒裝句型
想加強語氣的時候，可以把 not only 放在句子開頭，此時需將主詞和動詞交換位置轉為倒裝句型，but 是連接詞故不可省略，但 also 是副詞，可省略也可保留，以下為兩種倒裝句型。
❶ Not only + 助動詞 (do/does/did/will/should/would/can/could) + 主詞 + 原形動詞 , but + 主詞 + (also) + 動詞
❷ Not only + be 動詞 + 主詞 , but + 主詞 + be 動詞 + (also)
Not only did she arrive late, but she (also) forgot to bring her a present.（倒裝）
= She not only arrived late, but (also) forgot to bring her a present.（非倒裝）
她不只遲到，還忘記要帶禮物給她。Not only is she a good mother, but she is (also) a nice manager.（倒裝）
= She is not only a good mother but (also) a nice manager.（非倒裝）
她不只是位好母親，也是一位好主管。
注意：not only A but also B 中的 A 和 B 不可同時為否定句，尤其 not only 後接上否定形式的句子會非常不自然。
Not only did he not have any experience, but he also did not have relevant education.
他不只沒有任何經驗，也沒有相關學歷。（錯誤）
解決的方式是將 not only 後面接的否定句以肯定的形式換句話說，如果一開始還不知道要如何直接寫出倒裝的句子，可以先寫出原句，再改成倒裝。
He was lacking not only in experience but also in relevant education.
= Not only was he lacking in experience but also in relevant education.
他不只缺乏經驗，也沒有相關學歷。（正確）
(4) not only but also 中的某些字可以用其他字替代
not only but also 中的 only 可用 merely 替代。
The Australian wildfires have not only/not merely killed more than a billion animals but have also caused air pollution.
澳洲野火不只導致超過十億的動物喪生，也造成空氣汙染。
(5) not only but also 的 also 可省略或移至句尾
not only but also 中的 also 省略時，可在句尾加上 too 或 as well 表達同義，或直接將 also 移至句尾。
The song not only depressed me but made me want to go home as well/too/also.
這首歌不只讓我感到低落，也讓我想回家。
小試身手 Exercise
看了這麼多實際的句型範例之後，當然要換你親自練習一下，趕快來看看你是不是都學會了吧！以下每題皆列出兩個獨立的句子，請將 not only A but also B 套入，變成一個完整的句子。
舉例：She wants to travel around the world. She wants to be a writer.
答案：She wants to not only travel around the world, but also be a writer.
- They went to a movie. They played soccer.
- Olivia can dance. Olivia can play the piano.
- He has been to Germany. He has also been to Japan.（倒裝）
- He has been late many times. He hasn’t done any work.（倒裝）
- She speaks English fluently. She speaks English naturally.
- Not only Lily but also Peter _____ come to the meeting. (have/has)
解答 Answers
- They not only went to a movie but also played soccer.
- Olivia can not only dance but also play the piano.
= Olivia not only can dance but also can play the piano. - Not only has he been to Germany, but he has also been to Japan.
- Not only has he been late many times, but he also hasn’t done any work.
- She speaks English not only fluently but also naturally.
= She not only speaks English fluently but also speaks English naturally. - Not only Lily but also Peter has come to the meeting.
That’s All for Today
今天有沒有把 not only but also 的所有句型搞懂了呢？這個句型非常常見，但變成倒裝的時候，很多人會霧煞煞，記得一定要多多練習，才會更熟悉喔！ 😛
想看更多文法，可以參考以下文章：
👉 「Either.. or..」正確用法是？來看例句！
👉 「neither.. nor..」的正確用法是？跟 either or 差在哪？
👉 「either」和「neither」正確用法是？來看例句搞懂！
